Scientific Conservation Methods

The Oddy test is used to evaluate the compatibility of materials intended for use in display cases, storage cabinets, museum rooms, or as packaging materials with museum objects. Three sealable glas containers are prepared, each containing a 1 cm² sample of the material to be tested. A 1 cm² piece of copper foil is added to the first container, a silver foil to the second, and a lead foil to the third. 

To increase the severity of the test conditions, the sample and metal foil may be allowed to make slight contact. In addition, a small test tube containing 1 ml of distilled water is placed in each container to maintain a constant relative humidity of approximately 100%. The containers are then kept in a drying oven for 28 days at 60 °C.

Metal specifications:

  • Lead: thickness 0.1 mm, purity 99.95%, pieces 50 × 50 mm, hardness: as rolled
  • Silver: thickness 0.25 mm, purity 99.95+%, pieces 50 × 50 mm, hardness: as rolled
  • Copper: thickness 0.125 mm, purity 99.9%, pieces 50 × 50 mm, hardness: hard

If corrosion appears on the metal coupons after the 28-day exposure, it indicates the emission of the following compounds:

  • Silver: sulfur compounds
  • Copper: chlorides, oxides, sulfur compounds
  • Lead: organic acids and aldehydes

Evaluation of results:

  • P = Permanent: No visible corrosion; a red-orange iridescence often appears on the copper reference. The coupon should retain its polish, and the lead may show a purplish sheen. Material suitable for permanent use.
  • T = Temporary: Slight discoloration or corrosion films, often along the lower edges or sides; few localized corrosion spots. Suitable for temporary storage (< 6 months).
  • U = Unsuitable: Clearly visible corrosion. Material unsuitable for use in exhibitions or storage.

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